Psalm
2
Against all opposition, the LORD
will bring about Heaven’s rule over the Earth.
He will set his anointed King upon the throne of the world and will
bless “all they that put their trust in him” (v12b) from out of “the nations”,
and from “the uttermost parts of the earth ” (v 8).
Psalm2:1
“Why do the heathen rage,
and the people imagine a vain thing?”
Why do the heathen rage? The word heathen is from the Hebrew goy,
and is in its proper sense “nations”.
Because the surrounding nations were pagan idolaters, over time and
generated by self-righteousness, the Jews came to use it as a derogatory term
for all who were not of the “chosen people”, not of Israel.
The translators of the KJV seemed to have translated this from the
viewpoint of a self-righteous Jew. David
was a God fearing and inspired man as he wrote this psalm, therefore,
self-righteousness would not be playing any role in its composition. He was referring to the nations as political
entities, not in respect to their character.
There were many ungodly men in Israel as the Old Testament narrative
tells us. In Psalm 18, the word ungodly
is applied to King Saul. In verse 4 of
that psalm, it is translated from the Hebrew beliyaal, but also means without profit, worthlessness and can be
translated, Belial, evil, wicked. Paul,
in 2 Corinthians 6:15 transliterates beliyaal
as Belial and seems to use it as an epithet of Satan.
Why do the ‘nations’ rage - ragash - to be in tumult, and why do they imagine – hagah, murmur among themselves, why do they conspire amongst
themselves, why are they in revolt? In
Romans 1:21-22a, Paul gives the answer: “Because that, when they knew God, they glorified him not as God, neither
were thankful; but became vain in their imaginations, and their foolish heart
was darkened. Professing themselves to
be wise they became fools…”
The question can be asked: “When did they know God?” in fact, how
can any of us know God before we are called by his Spirit and regenerated
through faith in Christ Jesus? Paul has
already answered that question. In the
preceding verses Romans 1:19-20, he writes: “Because that which may be known of God is manifest in them; for God hath
showed it unto them. For the invisible
things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood
by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they
are without excuse.”
The Creation
itself speaks of knowledge beyond our understanding and power beyond our
comprehension. To brush these aside and
substitute them with the blind mindlessness of evolution is to be, as Paul
says, without excuse. Yet even today, in
this so-called ‘enlightened’ and ‘scientific’ age, the nations revolt against
God and his anointed (Christ), and we even see the intellectuals become fools
in their desire to rid themselves of the righteous restraints that the very
thought of the Almighty God provokes.
Men and women think that because they don’t believe in God, he
doesn’t exist. These people are just as
foolish as those who say, ‘there is no God’ (Psalm 14:1), for in reality they
are saying, “Maybe he does and maybe he doesn’t; either way I don’t care”. It is foolish because “It is a fearful
thing to fall into the hands of the living God” (Hebrews 10:31).
These are they who imagine or conspire among themselves to
accomplish a vain thing. The word vain
is the Heb. reek, meaning emptiness; figuratively it means a worthless
thing; adverbially in vain and can be used, depending on the context, as empty,
to no purpose, in vain, vain things or vanity.
Psalm 2:2-3
“The kings of the earth set themselves, and
the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD, and against his anointed,
saying, ‘Let us break their bands asunder, and cast away their cords from us.’”
Earth is the Hebrew erets meaning the earth at large, or partitively, a land. Here, because there is a plurality of kings,
it relates to the earth at large. It
must not be mistaken with tebel, for
that has the meaning ‘the inhabitable earth’ and by implication, the
inhabitants and their social structure, similar to the Greek cosmos.
These kings set themselves – yatsab,
which means to place a thing into position in a deliberate or wilful
action. Rulers is from razan, probably to be heavy (to
be of substance), but because the context of the passage is dealing with men it
is talking of men of influence, (likened to men of the scientific and
intellectual fields today) men who sit down together, to settle, consult - to
conspire together against the LORD Yehovah,
the self Existent or eternal God, and against his anointed, his Messiah or its
Greek equivalent, Christos.
Christ is not a name but a title.
Christos means anointed, the same as the Hebrew Messiah. In the Hebrew, it refers to a person
consecrated for service, such as a king, priest, or saint; its specific
reference however, is to the Messiah who is to be the Father’s anointed King,
seated upon the throne of David and ruling over Israel and the world. Jesus of Nazareth is the Messiah, the Christ,
and the anointed King.
Let us break – nathaq, to tear off: break off, burst, draw away, lift up, pluck
away/off, pull out, root out; all of which speak of the intense action of
breaking away, of rejection. What they
want to break is the LORD’S bands - moser,
which in the figurative sense means restraint and refers to moral
restraint, i.e. doing what is right rather than expedient; being selfless
rather than selfish. Cord is the
Heb. aboth, something entwined, a
string, wreath or foliage. Here it means
a rope or a cord and refers to God’s right of ownership: As Creator, God can
expect mankind’s obedience.
Psalm 2:4
“He that sitteth in the
heavens shall laugh: the Lord shall have them in derision.”
He that sitteth: Sitteth - yashab, properly to sit down, but by
implication it means to dwell, to reside, to remain. He resides in the heavens - shamayim, from shameh meaning to be lofty.
There are five levels above the
earth, which are described by this word:
First: it is
used for the realm of the habitable sky.
In Deuteronomy 4:17 shamayim is translated air. In 2 Samuel 18:9 Absalom hung
by his hair, caught between the shamayim and the earth.
Second: Genesis
8:2 shows another sphere even loftier than the domain of birds. This is also seen in Deuteronomy 28:12 where shamayim is seen as the LORD’S storehouse, i.e. “the rain in its season.”
Third: The sun,
moon and stars are said to be set in shamayim Genesis
1:14. There and in Psalm 104:2 and in
Isaiah 34:4 shamayim is descriptive of the visible universe.
Fourth: In
Genesis 1:1 we see shamayim as the entire created universe together with the earth.
Fifth: shamayim is the
place where God dwells. Because he is
eternal, God’s dwelling place must be immaterial and separate from his
creation. In relation to God’s abode,
the word shamayim can only be thought
of in its basic sense, the sense of being above all things.
He that dwells aloft shall laugh
– sachaq, to laugh (in
pleasure or detraction); and the end of this verse shows that the Lord holds
these men in la`ag or derision, his
laugh is seen to be a laugh of scorn.
The lower case Lord, the Hebrew Adonay, is the emphatic form of adon meaning to rule; sovereign (either
human or divine), and is variously translated as lord, master or owner. It must be translated Lord here, as it is,
because it is in the emphatic form and as such is a proper name of God.
The truth taught in this verse is that God
will carry forward his own plans in spite of all the attempts of men to
frustrate them. This general truth may
be stated in two ways
(1)
He sits undisturbed and unmoved in heaven while men
rage against him, and while they combine to cast off his authority.
(2)
He carries forward his own plans in spite of them, by
directly accomplishing his purpose without regard to their attempts; or by
making their intentions contribute to his own, so making them the instruments
of carrying out his own plans. Compare
Acts 4:28. Refer Barnes.
The scriptures
regularly depict God as having the physical and emotional attributes of man;
i.e. eyes (Genesis 16:13; 2 Samuel15: 25); hands (Genesis 49:24; Ecclesiastes
2:24); arms (Deuteronomy 4:34; Isaiah 52:10); laughter, derision, displeasure
(as in these verses); hate, love (Malachi 1:2-3). Yet from Scripture we know God to be Spirit
(John 4:24), that he does not have flesh and bones (Luke 24:39), but that he
does have all the immaterial attributes associated with love (1 John 4:8); he
is merciful, gracious, longsuffering, goodness and truth (Exodus 34:6-7); all
of which are the very opposite of hatred; therefore eyes, hands, arms, derision
and hatred must be pictorial, not of God’s being, but of his actions.
In himself, God
is serene and unchanging, unmoved by the revolt of men yet never deviating from
his stated policy regarding the salvation of his creation and the judgement of
sin. Men see and feel his judgement and
express it in terms to which others can relate, wrath, hate, derision,
laughter. Those who are given an
understanding of his word and believe it, become conscious of his love and
grace, and therefore express it as such.
Psalm 2:5
“Then shall he speak unto them in
his wrath, and vex them in his sore displeasure.”
Then,
is the demonstrative adverb az and
can be translated at that time or place; therefore, at a time
appointed he shall “speak” to them in his wrath.
Speak,
is from dabar with the proper meaning of arrange, which in the context of his
wrath is the destructive sense of subdue
or destroy and in the parallelism of Hebrew poetry is restated in the
remainder of the verse.
The word wrath is from aph and is properly the nose or nostril
or face, but also anger (from its association to the rapid breathing in
passion). This is one of the rare
occasions when it is used in this sense.
And vex - bahal, cause them to tremble inwardly
(or palpitate), to alarm them by his charon
– his anger; translated here as sore displeasure, but also fierceness, fury, fierce
wrath.
The LORD’S anger against the antagonism and arrogance of men is
realized in the words of the next verse:
Psalm 2:6
“Yet have I set my king upon
my holy hill of Zion.”
This is a
two-fold statement. Firstly, it is a
statement of fact, for David was established in Jerusalem (the surrounding
nations could rant and rave as much as they wished but it would not undo what
God had accomplished), and it is also a statement regarding a future event, an
event so certain as to make it an eternal reality. This Psalm has a much broader historical view
than just David’s reign, for it is Messianic.
David was established, yes; and Messiah will be.
In spite of all man’s antagonism and rejection the LORD says, “Yet
have I set my king” The word for set is nasak - to pour out, to make a drink offering, or to cast
(metal); but by analogy the Jews came to use it as to anoint or consecrate
a king.
Alfred Barnes writes, “The word means…literally, to pour, to pour
out, as in making a libation to the deity Exodus 30:9; Hosea 9:4; Isaiah 30:1,
then to pour out oil in anointing a king or priest, and hence to consecrate, to
inaugurate, etc.”
In Joshua 13:21, Psalm 83:11 and Micah 5:5, we see the anointing
application in the word nesik, which
is an extension of nasak. Nesik
also means poured out, but because of the anointing implications, has been
translated as duke, prince and principal men, i.e. positions of eminence.
Barnes goes on to say that the idea in this verse. 6, is that the
Lord “…had solemnly
inaugurated or constituted the Messiah as king; that is, that he had formed the
purpose to do it, and he therefore speaks as if it were already done. The words “My king” refer, of course, to the
anointed one, the Messiah (vs.2.)”
This king is
not just a king, or even ‘The King’, but “my king”. God has not only appointed him to the office
but when read in context with the next verse, “thou art my
Son” there is seen a close
relationship between “my king” and the Lord (the one who sitteth in the
heavens).
Zion is a transliteration from the
Hebrew tsiyon; Greek Sion, and originally referred to the
fortified hill of pre-Israelite Jerusalem, a hill between the Kidron and
Tyropean valleys. 2 Samuel 5:6-7 is the
first mention of Zion in the Biblical account and it shows Zion to be
Jerusalem, a city of the Jebusites and what would come to be known as “The city
of David”.
1 Chronicles 11:5b shows this city
to be a matsud, a castle or
fortress. From B.C. 1045 onward this
fortress city was to become the centre of Jewish religious aspirations and
culture. It was within these walls that
the Temple would be built and to which every devout Jew turned. Zion became a term for every thing dear to
the Jewish mind, the Temple and a secure homeland. See Psalms 48:2; 84:7; 132:13; Isaiah 1:27;
28:16; 33:5.
Tsiyon was understood also to refer to
the heavenly Jerusalem (Isaiah 60:14; Hebrews12: 22; Revelation 14:1), the
place where the Messiah would appear at the end of the times of the
Gentiles. The glorification of the Messianic
community will take place on the holy mountain of “Zion.”
This ancient city sits on a ridge separated from the Mount of Olives
by the Kidron valley and it is to the Mount of Olives, adjacent to “Zion” that
the Lord returns. In Zechariah 14:3-5 we
are told of the ‘day of the LORD’ when he returns to fight against the nations
and deliver Jerusalem from the armies of the world. On his literal and physical return, “…his
feet shall stand in that day upon the mount of Olives, which is before
Jerusalem on the east, and the mount of Olives shall cleave in the midst
thereof toward the east and toward the west, and there shall be a very great
valley; and half of the mountain shall remove toward the north, and half of it
toward the south.”
One doesn’t need a great deal of imagination to visualise the
destruction of such a ‘seismic’ event.
Psalm 2:7
“I will declare the decree: the LORD hath said
unto me, Thou art my Son; this day have I begotten thee.”
In verse 3 we see (in the folly of their conceit) the words of men,
“Let us break their bands asunder”, in effect saying, “We don’t need God”. In vs.6 the Lord’s accomplished fact is
stated in reply, “Yet (for all of this) have I anointed my king”; and now we
see the words of the LORD’S anointed, the Messiah. “I will declare the decree…”
From this and
the following verses we know this is Messiah, for the heathen (nations) and
“the uttermost parts of the earth” were never given to the house of David as an
inheritance or a possession, nor has the judgement of these nations been given
to any of Israel’s kings. These are yet
future, when Christ returns to take to himself the throne of David and of the
world (Zechariah 3:8-10; 10:4,5; 12:2,6,9; Isaiah 63:1-6; 66:15,16; Daniel
2:34,35,44,45; Joel 3:2,9-17; Zephaniah 3:19; Haggai 2:21,22; Revelation
6:4-17; 8:7-13).
Messiah declares or proclaims that which has been decreed – choc, that which has been appointed to
come to fruition; it is from chaqaq,
which in its proper sense means to engrave, but by implication, to enact laws
(by having them cut in stone or metal tablets in primitive times).
What the Messiah is about to declare is the LORD’S decree, therefore eternal and unchanging (engraved in stone as it
were), and it was given directly to him, “The LORD has said unto me, Thou
art my Son; this day have I begotten thee.”
The word for Son is ben, daughter is bath, and both are derived from banah
meaning to build, and therefore a ‘builder of the family name’. It is also used in a wider sense as grandson,
subject, and nation. In Messiah, the LORD will build his family.
The Old Testament saints (Jew and
Gentile) are those who trusted in the future coming of the LORD’s anointed, the
Messiah, and along with the ‘Tribulation’ believers, will enter into God’s
everlasting kingdom on earth as God’s people (Jeremiah 30:1-24).
The New Testament saints (Jew and
Gentile) are those who trust in that same anointed one, Christ, and are built
into his church (Matthew 16:18; 1 Peter 2:5).
The Greek word for build in Matthew is oikodomeo and means to be a house builder; there it means to
construct an immaterial (a spiritual) edifice, the Church.
The Church is said to be the body of Christ (1 Corinthians 12:27)
“…and members in particular”. In Romans
8:10-17, Paul shows that those who are ‘born again’ have the testimony of the
Spirit within, that they are the ‘sons’, the children of God. This relationship is because of Christ being
in you and conversely, of you being in Christ (Romans 8).
The Hebrew ben - son, is now seen to have greater and
deeper implications than the English meaning, male offspring.
I will declare the decree: the LORD hath said unto me, “Thou art my
Son; this day have I begotten thee.”
Thou art my Son. The appellation ‘The Son of God’ is found
only here and in Daniel 3:25 in the Old Testament. If we look solely within this psalm for his
identity, we are led to the conclusion that the LORD’s anointed, the Messiah
(the king whom the Lord has set upon his holy hill of Zion), must be ‘my Son’.
Alfred Barnes writes “The true sense
(to the meaning of my Son), therefore, according to the Hebrew usage, and
according to the proper meaning of the term, is, that he sustained a relation
to God which could be compared only with that which a son among men sustains to
his father; and that the term, as thus used, fairly implies an equality in
nature with God himself. It is such a term as would not be applied to a mere man;
it is such as is not applied to the angels Heb. 1:5; and therefore it must
imply a nature superior to either.”
When we turn to the New Testament
this truth is soon established, for as the letter to the Hebrews shows, the Son
through whom God has spoken in those last days, was no other than Jesus, who is
called Christ (the anointed). Who is not
only the Son (Hebrews 1:2, 5, 8) but is very God himself (1:8, 9, 10, 12); not
only God himself, but our sacrifice (2:9, 14) and our High Priest (2:17, 3:1)
and the one through whom we are able to obtain mercy and find grace in the
times of our need (4:14-16).
This day have I begotten thee: This day does not refer to a time in the unknown past; it cannot be
used to substantiate a beginning to Messiah’s existence (as the Jehovah’s
Witnesses claim), nor can it be used to support the idea that he was ‘begotten’
from eternity. Although the language of
this passage shows Messiah’s pre-existence it must be left to the New Testament
to give us the correct interpretation of this phrase.
In Acts 13:30-33, Paul speaks of
God’s past promises being fulfilled in the resurrection of Christ,
and quotes this passage from Psalm 2 as a proof text. Paul states that the resurrection of Christ
was the fulfilment of this passage from Psalm 2.
“God hath fulfilled the same unto
us their children, in that he hath raised up Jesus again; as it is also written in the second psalm,
Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee.”
Again quoting Barnes, “This
interpretation of an inspired apostle fixes the meaning of this passage in the
psalm, and proves that it is not there used with reference to the doctrine of
eternal generation, or to his incarnation, but that he is called his Son
because he was raised from the dead.”
When we look at this Psalm from it’s
beginning, we see the prophetic accuracy of the psalmist in portraying the
hatred, abuse and rejection that the authorities (both Jewish and Gentile) and
the people, would hold for Jesus of Nazareth and the God whom he came to represent. Yet the LORD who sitteth in the heavens is
unmoved and states that even against such hatred and rejection “Yet have I set
my king upon my holy hill of Zion”.
It was the Lord who gave the Apostle
Peter the words of fulfilment; “…let all the house of Israel know assuredly,
that God hath made that same Jesus, whom (they had) crucified, both Lord and Christ” (Acts
2:22-36). It was after the rage, the
vanity and the counsel of ungodly men had spent itself against the LORD’S anointed, that Jesus, whom they had crucified, was made both Lord
and Christ. It was then that the
fulfilment of this passage in Psalm 2 occurred.
This passage in Psalm 2 refers therefore, “ not to his eternal
generation or his incarnation, but to something succeeding his death; that is,
to his resurrection, and his establishment as King at the right hand of God.”
Romans 1:8 says Christ was “declared
to be the Son of God with power, according to the spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead”.
The phrase “firstborn from the dead”
is in keeping with this whole concept.
Colossians 1:18 tells us that Christ is the beginning, the firstborn
from the dead, alluding to a newness of life due to the resurrection. It is also the life that the believer shares
(Rom. 6:4). Revelation 1:5 describes
Jesus Christ as “the first begotten of the dead…” and it in this context that
he is called a Son.
In Luke 1:35 the child born to Mary
would be called the “Son of God”. Mary was overshadowed (became pregnant) by
the supervening power of the Holy Spirit, and “that holy thing which shall be
born of thee shall be called the Son of God.”
This might suggest that Jesus was the Son of God by reason of his
incarnation, but it is in the future tense (shall be) and therefore does not
conflict with Paul’s interpretation.
In this psalm however, Paul says
that the psalmist was prophesying the resurrection and its consequences.
Psalm 2:8-9
“Ask of me, and I
shall give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of
the earth for thy possession. Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron; thou
shalt dash them in pieces like a potter’s vessel.”
The declared decree of verse 7
incorporates the giving of the nations as an inheritance, the uttermost parts
of the earth for a possession, and the prerogative of all condemnation and
judgment. The LORD has decreed these
things on the condition that his anointed, “asks of me”.
In
John 17 we see Christ asking the Father for the eternal security and earthly well being
of those whom the Father had given him and also for those others who would
believe through their testimony.
The
Church is being assembled from every nation under the sun, both Jew and Gentile
and is the fulfillment of this passage. Over the
centuries this has been an ongoing and worldwide event.
In
John 14:16-18, he says he will ask the Father to send the Holy Spirit to be a
comforter - Gk. Parakletos:
intercessor, consoler, to those who believe in him; and in Hebrews 7:25 and 1
John 2:1, he is seen to be at the right hand of God, making intercession for us.
Thou
shalt break them: Break
– raa, is to spoil or
to make (or be) good for nothing. It is
the LORD’S anointed that is to carry out this spoiling and such an outcome
indicates judgment. Rod of iron
indicates inflexible judgment and to dash them in pieces like a potter’s
vessel, the destructive results of that judgment, will make them ‘good for
nothing’.
In
John 5:22 Jesus tells his detractors, “The Father judgeth no man, but hath
committed all judgment unto the Son:”
At the end of this age, the
nations will rise en masse, and will be rejected (judged) in turn for their
rejection of God and his anointed, and Christ will then rule a purged world for
a thousand years.
That reign will be challenged at
the end of the thousand years, the challenge will be put down and a great
throne of judgment set up for the final judgment of all unbelieving
mankind. Then the present heaven and earth
will be melted down and reformed into a new heaven and a new earth, which will
be everlasting (Rev. 19: 1 – 22:5 cf. 2 Pet. 3:10).
Throughout the Old Testament,
Messiah is primarily seen as a splendid figure entering into the affairs of men
to be Saviour and King. The Jews
understood the sphere of Messianic sovereignty to be an earthly sphere. It was not until the mystery of the Church
was revealed to Paul that the heavenly aspect of the Kingdom became known.
In keeping with this Old
Testament view, Isaiah 9:6-7 reveals Messiah as a child born and a son given,
and though the passage goes on to say that this son given is The Mighty God,
The everlasting Father and The Prince of Peace; this Mighty God, in his role as
Messiah, is an earthly figure and his ministrations are to an earthly people
and though everlasting, an earthly kingdom.
Messiah was to be Immanuel, God
with us yet nevertheless a true son of David, and heir to the Davidic
throne.
As the true son of David and as
the Son of God he is to have “The uttermost parts of the earth for his
possession” and the nations “as his inheritance”.
Barnes writes: “As a son has a
rank in a family above servants; as he has a control over the property above
that which servants have, so it is with the Mediator. He is the Son of God: angels are the servants of God, and the servants of the church.”
He goes on to compare angels as
servants in an earthly home, with Christ who is the Son of that home. The earth and its nations are the Father’s
possession and the Son’s inheritance.
Psalm 2:10-12
“Be wise now therefore, O ye kings: be instructed, ye judges of the
earth. Serve the LORD with fear, and
rejoice with trembling.”
In the light of this coming judgment
the rulers of men are exhorted to be wise - sakal, to be circumspect and therefore intelligent, which in view
of modern man’s disregard to the things of God and his anointed, is a telling
indictment of their intelligence.
This warning of impending judgment
is for the purpose of instruction
- yasar, which in the figurative sense means to chastise with words. The Bible as a whole can be seen in this
light, for it is God’s record of sin, of righteousness and of judgment to
come. Yet in spite of its judgments, the
Bible has been given, by inspiration of God, for the profit of mankind, so that
through reproof and correction he might learn righteousness and be equipped to
‘serve the LORD with fear’ (2 Tim. 3:16-17).
Fear
is from the Hebrew yaw-ray’; to fear; morally to revere, causatively to
frighten. Vine’s Exp. Dict. says that
when used “of a person in an exalted position, it connotes “standing in
awe.” This is not simple fear, but
reverence, whereby an individual recognizes the power and position of the one
revered and renders him proper respect.”
Rejoice with trembling has the sense of restrained ecstatics. Rejoice is from giyl, which,
properly means to spin (to spin around under the influence of strong emotion)
and is in keeping with David’s natural exuberance. Cf. 1 Samuel 6:14-16
With trembling is the restraint of humility; humility acquired by knowledge of the
holiness of God. Knowledge of the
worthiness of God forces upon the believer knowledge of the insignificance of
self, and humility is the result. If a
believer knows nothing of the Bible’s revelation of God’s character, the
standards applied to God will have their origin in self -worth, and humility is lost.
The believer who knows his insignificance applies to God for mercy and
rejoices with trembling when that mercy is experienced.
Such humility is seen in Jesus’
parable of the Pharisee and the publican in Luke 18:9-15. The Pharisee stood and prayed… “God, I thank thee, that I am such a
righteous person and not a sinner like this publican”, the publican however, in
repentant acknowledgment of his sin, “would not lift up so much as his eyes
unto heaven, but smote upon his breast, saying, God be merciful to me a
sinner.”
Psalm
2:12
“Kiss the Son, lest he be angry,
and ye perish from the way, when his wrath is kindled but a little. Blessed are
all they that put their trust in him.”
Kiss the Son: The word used here for Son
is the Hebrew bar, and is borrowed
from the Chaldean language as a title: - i.e. the heir apparent to the
throne. It is in this context that the
word kiss is used. The Middle
Eastern custom of kissing is an indication of respect generally, and allegiance
to one of superior rank particularly. In
1 Samuel 10:1, the prophet Samuel kissed Saul whom he had just anointed as King
of Israel. It was an act of allegiance. In centuries past, kissing the hand of
European monarchs was not uncommon and today the kissing of the Pope’s ring is
an act of allegiance and homage.
The kings and judges of the earth
are told to express their allegiance to the Son whom he (the LORD) ‘that
sitteth in the heavens’ has set upon his holy hill of Zion. The consequences of not doing so will be
catastrophic. Abad, to wander away, to lose oneself and by implication to perish
is especially catastrophic when the way, or God’s way is missed. And that is the implication here, that
through their rejection of his sovereignty they, by going their own way, will
miss the true way: The way to life, happiness and salvation.
But
a little is the Heb. meat, a little or
few, and should be rendered, soon. As
Barnes writes: “This accords better also with the (context), for the
design is not to state that there will be degrees in the manifestation of his
anger, but that his anger would not long be delayed. In due time he would execute judgment on his
enemies; and whenever his anger began to burn, his enemies must perish.” The ASV renders this phrase “For his wrath
will soon be kindled.”
In
contrast to missing the way and perishing, those who put
their trust in him will be blessed. This
is the word we saw in Psalm1: 1 esher, meaning happiness, or as an interjection, how
happy. Trust is chasah, and has the meaning to flee for
protection. “How happy are all they
that take refuge in him.”
