Monday 29 September 2014

WHO IS JESUS CHRIST?

Who is Jesus Christ?

Brian GC Huggett

A little question, but a question, which requires more than a brief answer, for Jesus of Nazareth has been the most influential and yet at the same time the most neglected figure of history. 

So who was he?  There are very few allusions to him in secular history, with the Jewish historian Josephus, in book 18 chapter 3 of his Antiquities, recording in three sentences a sympathetic reference to Christ’s life and influence.

“Now there was about this time Jesus, a wise man, if it be lawful to call him a man; for he was a doer of wonderful works, a teacher of such men as receive the truth with pleasure. He drew over to him both many of the Jews and many of the Gentiles. He was [the] Christ. And when Pilate, at the suggestion of the principal men amongst us, had condemned him to the cross, those that loved him at the first did not forsake him; for he appeared to them alive again the third day; as the divine prophets had foretold these and ten thousand other wonderful things concerning him. And the tribe of Christians, so named from him, are not extinct at this day.”
And in book 20, chapter 9 of his Antiquities, in relation to the martyrdom of James he again mentions the name of “Jesus, who was called Christ”.
  
The Roman historian Tacitus, in chapter 14 of Michael Grant’s translation of his Annals of Imperial Rome wrote: -
“…Nero fabricated scapegoats – and punished with every refinement the notoriously depraved Christians (as they were popularly called).  Their originator, Christ, had been executed in Tiberius’ reign by the governor of Judaea, Pontius Pilate”

 And Suetonius, in the Robert Grave’s translation of his “The Twelve Caesars” chapter 5, apparently refers to Christ when he writes: -
“Because the Jews at Rome caused continuous disturbances at the instigation of Chrestus, he (Claudius) expelled them from the city.”

These and other secular references are minimal in their information and only serve as extra biblical proofs to the historical reality of the man Jesus of Nazareth.  It is left to his disciples, the Apostles, to provide us with first hand information on his life and ministry.

In Matthew’s gospel we are given the genealogy of Joseph, who though not the progenitor of Jesus, was regarded as his legal or foster father (Matt. 1:16, 20; Luke 2:4; 3:23; 4:22; John 1:45; 6:42).  Matthew’s genealogy, and another in Luke’s gospel place Jesus, at least in a legal sense, in the line of David, a lineage prerequisite for the expected Messiah.

There are some, including this author, who believe the genealogy in Luke 3:23-31 reveals Jesus’ lineage through Mary.  Matthew’s genealogy (Matt. 1:1-16) was from David through Solomon while Luke’s was through Nathan another of David’s sons.  According to the scriptures Mary became pregnant, not by Joseph (or any other man) but by the Holy Spirit, and with this being the case, the virgin, as the last human link between David and Messiah (her child) must also have been a descendant of David, for Messiah was to be ‘of the seed of David’.  Cf. John 7:27; Psa. 132:11; Isa. 11:1; Jer. 23:5; Mic. 5:2     

That Messiah would not be of the Solomon branch is established by the literal fulfilment of the curse God placed upon the house of Coniah.  Coniah was, a direct descendant of Solomon. Coniah was Jehoiachin or Jeconiah the son of Jehoiakim.  We read of this curse in Jeremiah 22:24-30.    
Vs 30. “Thus saith the LORD, Write ye this man childless, a man that shall not prosper in his days; for no more shall a man of his seed prosper, sitting upon the throne of David, and ruling in Judah.” 
This was not to say Coniah would not have descendants, but that none of those descendants would sit upon David’s throne

The curse upon Coniah has been literally carried out, for he went into captivity and his uncle Zedekiah was placed on the throne in his stead.  Zedekiah ruled until the Babylonian captivity brought about the destruction of the Kingdom of Judah, which kingdom has never yet been restored.  It waits for the coming of David’s greater son, the Messiah, the ‘anointed’ of God.


David’s greater Son

Matthew 22:41-46 records a conversation between the Jewish religious leaders and Jesus of Nazareth, for while the Pharisees were gathered together “Jesus asked them, Saying, What think ye of Messiah? Whose son is he?” Their reply acknowledged that he was to be the Son of David, yet Jesus’ response to this silenced  them, for  he  said  to  them “…how then doth David  in spirit call  him Lord, saying, ‘The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool? If David then calls him Lord, how is he his son?”  

Jesus was not denying the truth of what they believed: according to Psalm 132:11 it is David’s seed that will one day rule from Mt Zion, for “Of the fruit of thy body will I set upon thy throne”; he was however attempting to point out a greater truth: a truth revealed in Isaiah chapters 7 & 9.

In Isaiah 7:14 we are told, “a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel,” a name that means ‘with us (is) God’.   Isaiah 9:6-7 develops the full reality of this matchless child who would be ‘God with us’; for this “child who would be born”, “this son who would be given”, would also be the mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of peace.  The government of peace will rest upon him, upon the Davidic throne; a peace established by righteous judgments and a peace that will be everlasting.  

The seed of David and the seed of this virgin are one and the same person and that this child would also be the Son of God is recorded in the New Testament’s gospel of Luke 1:30-35.
“And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary: for thou hast found favour with God. And, behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name JESUS. He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David: And he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end. Then said Mary unto the angel, how shall this be, seeing I know not a man? And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God.”

By means of the virgin birth, Messiah would not only be a son of David but also and literally the Son of God.  His legal descent would be through Solomon/Coniah/Joseph; his natural descent would be through David/Nathan/Mary the wife of Joseph.  The prophecy regarding the curse on Coniah stands true and, at the same time, the promise to David is accomplished.

Jesus of Nazareth is the Son of David; he is ‘God with us’; he is the Messiah or Christ, the anointed of God.


What was Christ Jesus’ mission? 

We know who he is, but what was he; what was his role and his purpose?

An excellent starting place for the answer to these questions is his name and title.  Though Jesus was a common name, pronounced ‘ee-ay-sooce’ in the Greek, translated from Jehoshua of the Hebrew and derived from Yeh-ho-vaw Yaw-shah or Jehovah saves, the word Christ is part of his title not his name.  His name in Hebrew would be pronounced ‘Yeh-ho-shoo-ah ben Ee-o-safe’, Jesus the son of Joseph.   Christ however is a title and a transliteration from the Greek noun Christos, which is the equivalent to Messiah, the Hebrew noun pronounced ‘maw-shee'-akh’, meaning anointed (consecrated).

Inanimate objects as well as individuals could be maw-shakh’ed or anointed, by the smearing or mixing with oil, but in every case it was the means of consecrating the individual or the object, to God’s service.  Whether it was food, temple furniture or priest, the authorized anointing was a dedication to the service of God.  All this was done for the establishment of a formal and centralized system of religious faith.  The first mention of the ‘LORD’S anointed’ however; and this is a very notable distinction, was to do with the consecration of God’s chosen man as King over Israel.  The first was to do with the religious life of the nation, the second for the political.

Saul was God’s first maw-shee'-akh (Messiah) and as king he was to deliver his people from the oppression and harassment of other nations.  As Messiah he was to lead his people into the freedom and enjoyment of social/economic stability, but because of his weakness and sin Saul was unable to accomplish that mission and was removed from the throne.     David was the most successful of the ‘LORD’S anointed’, and under his Messiahship Israel became a free and stabilized nation.  David was only a man and suffered from the same limitations as do all men; he was born of human parentage and carried within him the nature of Adam, however the scripture records David’s triumph over life with the epitaph: -
“…for David’s sake did the LORD his God give him a lamp in Jerusalem, to set up his son after him, and to establish Jerusalem: Because David did that which was right in the eyes of the LORD, and turned not aside from any thing that he commanded him all the days of his life, save only in the matter of Uriah the Hittite.”  1 Kings 15:4-5

His sons were not of his calibre and though some received God’s commendation:  “And  he  did  that  which  was  right in  the  sight  of the LORD, according to all that David his father did”, most received a varying degree of the condemnation:  “And …………. did evil in the sight of the LORD, and went not fully after the LORD, as did David his father.”

Because of human frailty the Davidic line could not bring peace to Israel, therefore a greater Messiah, a greater ‘LORD’S anointed’ must come to the kingdom and “establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even for ever.” Isaiah 9:7b.

Messiah is to be King over Israel and rule with judgment and justice: not according to the thinking and philosophies of men, not as those that decreed “unrighteous decrees, and that write grievousness which they have prescribed; To turn aside the needy from judgment, and to take away the right from the poor of my people, that widows may be their prey, and that they may rob the fatherless” (Isaiah 10); but in righteousness and in truth will he reign and establish his peace.  This is the glorious future prescribed, not only for Israel, but also for the world. 

This future is one where only righteousness dwells; therefore unrighteousness must be purged from those who would share in that future.   All men, if they would be honest with themselves, must acknowledge the fearful condemnation of this, for as the psalmist writes, “The fool hath said in his heart, there is no God They are corrupt, they have done abominable works, there is none that doeth good,” Psalm 14:1.  Isaiah expands this with “Their feet run to evil, and they make haste to shed innocent blood: their thoughts are thoughts of iniquity; wasting and destruction are in their paths. The way of peace they know not; and there is no judgment in their goings.

The apostle Paul, in Romans 3:10-18, quotes extensively from these passages to illustrate God’s verdict against humanity.  No one is exempt; all of us have sinned and come short of the glory of God.  And when we look at Job 14:4Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one” and Job 25:4, “How then can man be justified with God, or how can he be clean that is born of a woman?”; or David in Psalm 51:5Behold, I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me,” we must recognize that we also share in the sin of Adam and are unacceptable to God and not fit for his Kingdom.  These passages make it appear that the woman is at fault in this transmission of sin, but it takes male and female to conceive a child and the fact that our sinless Saviour was born of a woman without the agency of a man, indicates that transmission of the sin nature is through the male of the human species.

Paul in his exhortation to the Corinthians, commands God’s people: “Be ye not unequally yoked together with unbelievers: for what fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness? and what communion hath light with darkness? And what concord hath Christ with Belial? or what part hath he that believeth with an infidel? And what agreement hath the temple of God with idols” (2 Corinthians 6:14b-16a).  Now, if God’s people are so exhorted, how much more shall God separate himself from the unregenerate?  Righteousness cannot have fellowship with unrighteousness; light does not co-exist with darkness, Messiah has no harmony with Belial and God has no affinity with sin.  Therefore we are as was Isaiah in his lament; “Woe is me! for I am undone; because I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips: for mine eyes have seen the King, the LORD of hosts” (Isaiah 6:5).

He was given a vision of the King, the LORD of hosts, and was stricken by the desolation of his sin.  Because sin is the missing of the mark, the falling short of a goal or standard, Isaiah when he saw the perfect being was shocked and dismayed at his own imperfection.

It portrays the desperate need of mankind, the need of a Saviour, a redeemer.

Israel did not see themselves sinners as Isaiah had done but were complacent in their religiosity.  They believed, as most ‘religious’ people do that the externals were sufficient and as long as they performed acts of religion and were seen to be so doing they were right with God.  Isaiah chap. 48 is a denunciation of such false claims, for Israel, which swore by “the name of the LORD, and (made) mention of the God of Israel” did so, “but not in truth, nor in righteousness.”  Nor did they believe the prophets.  The LORD, through his prophets, told of things to come so that Israel would have no excuse in their unbelief, yet they flaunted their unbelief in crediting to their idols the results of God’s loving kindness.  Such idolatry is seen today when men place their hopes on, and rejoice in the god of money, or ‘mother nature’ (a primitive polytheism) or even in their natural abilities.  These are some of the many forms of idolatry today and all forms of unbelief have such idols.  The scientist has his evolution; the educationist his intellect; the religionist his righteousness, and in every case it is self-satisfaction, self-reliance and a rejection of God.

God speaks to men through his word, yet men prefer their own ways and the ways of the pagan world.  God’s word speaks of truth and righteousness, of justice and judgment but men prefer the lie, the ‘new morality’, injustice and subjective emotionalism.    

Yet there is nothing new under the sun and as men are today who forget God, so was Israel when she went astray from the LORD.  But because of his very public commitments to Israel, God says: “For my name’s sake will I defer mine anger, and for my praise will I refrain for thee, that I cut thee not off. Behold, I have refined thee, but not with silver; I have chosen thee in the furnace of affliction.  For mine own sake, even for mine own sake will I do it: for how should my name be polluted?”...   “Come ye near unto me, hear ye this; I have not spoken in secret from the beginning; from the time that it was, there am I: and now the Lord GOD, and his Spirit, hath sent me. Thus saith the LORD, thy Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel; I am the LORD thy God which teacheth thee to profit, which leadeth thee by the way that thou shouldest go” (Isaiah 48:9, 16,17).
  
Here, almost as an aside, we have mention of one who is to be sent, yet speaking in the first person as being from eternity.  Who is this one who was from eternity past and whom the Lord GOD, and his Spirit has sent?  Isaiah has already told us: it is Immanuel, born of a virgin, given to Israel as a son, one who is also the Mighty God, the Everlasting Father, the Prince of Peace.  And why was he sent? 

Every step of Israel’s disobedience, every act of idolatry was grounds for his coming and Isaiah in the next chapter states the reason clearly, “to bring Jacob again to him” and “to raise up the tribes of Jacob.”

“Thus saith the LORD, thy Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel; I am the LORD thy God which teacheth thee to profit, which leadeth thee by the way that thou shouldest go.”   And if that teaching and that leading had been heeded, “then had thy peace been as a river, and thy righteousness as the waves of the sea” their children and their children’s children would have been “as the sand” and “like the gravel thereof,” and they “should not have been cut off nor destroyed from before me,” yet for all of God’s mighty acts of redemption and providence “There is no peace, saith the LORD, unto the wicked,” Isaiah 48: 17-22.


Israel was not at peace with her God; this is proven by the fact that God shows himself not to be at peace with Israel.  The leaders believed themselves to be leaning upon the LORD and said, “Is not the LORD among us? none evil can come upon us,” Micah 3:11.  Yet the prophetic word of judgment became the reality: Micah, Isaiah and Jeremiah were all vindicated and God’s word fulfilled.

In Isaiah 49 the Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel continues his dissertation on the past present and future acts of the LORD.  Even though his coming would be accompanied with the sharp sword of God’s word, his labour, his strength would be spent for nought and in vain.  Israel would reject him and though one day their redemption would be accomplished, in the meantime their redeemer would be sent as a light to the gentiles and as Saviour to the ends of the earth.  He would be despised by the many and abhorred by the nation and in chapter 53 these very words are reiterated and expanded: “He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were our faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not”.
  
In Isaiah 49 the Redeemer continues: “Thus saith the LORD, In an acceptable time have I heard thee, and in a day of salvation have I helped thee: and I will preserve thee,” The antagonism and contempt heaped upon him by an unbelieving people made the promised help and preservation necessary, for though he was the Everlasting Father, the Almighty God, yet was he also a son of man. 

The omnipotent and omnipresent LORD of creation could not suffer the things described by Isaiah in his 53rd chapter?  Such a God could not give his soul as an offering for sin nor his ‘body’ as a sacrifice, but the Son of God born of a virgin could.  His sacrifice could be given for a covenant between God and his people, a covenant designed to establish the whole earth as well as the heritage of Israel.  Isaiah 49:8.

Every covenant is ratified with blood and again in chapter 53, Isaiah expounds on this, in that “...he (Messiah) was cut off out of the land of the living: for the transgression of my people was he stricken,” and “thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin.”  It would be this offering, this sacrifice that would release those who were captives to sin, and enlighten those who recognize this, their spiritual poverty, and who humble themselves before God in repentance. 

The results of this would be salvation, “They shall feed in the ways, and their pastures shall be in all high places. They shall not hunger nor thirst; neither shall the heat nor sun smite them: for he that hath mercy on them shall lead them, even by the springs of water shall he guide them.” And it will extend to all the earth, for: “Behold, these shall come from far: and, lo, these from the north and from the west; and these from the land of Sinim (of the East).”

Therefore, “Sing, O heavens; and be joyful, O earth; and break forth into singing, O mountains: for the LORD hath comforted his people, and will have mercy upon his afflicted.”

Yet for all of God’s promises and assurance, Zion the very heart and soul of Israel, continuing in the darkness of unbelief thought the LORD had forsaken them.  But though they turned from God “…yet will I not forget thee.  Behold, I have graven thee upon the palms of my hands; thy walls are continually before me.”  The graciousness of this brings to mind Lamentations 3:22-23: “It is of the LORD’S mercies that we are not consumed, because his compassions fail not. They are new every morning: great is thy faithfulness.”

It is God’s faithfulness to his promise that will bring about Israel’s restoration, and Isaiah sees, as do all the prophets, that in a day to come, in “the latter days”, Israel will be re-gathered into the land.  Though they will reject the Messiah and suffer national destruction: though they will be dispersed among the nations, yet they will be re-gathered and the land though wasted and desolate will be too small for the future inhabitants.  For God will set up a standard to his people and to the gentiles, and will cause his peoples return.  It will be after a time of great destruction, a time when the LORD will contend with the nations for their contentious actions against Israel.  It will be a day when all mankind will know “that I the LORD am thy Saviour and thy Redeemer, the mighty One of Jacob.”


It is this contention with the nations and the refining of Israel through affliction that opens another aspect of what Messiah is.


The Judge of all Flesh.

“And there shall come forth a rod out of the stem of Jesse, and a Branch shall grow out of his roots: And the spirit of the LORD shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the LORD; And shall make him of quick understanding in the fear of the LORD: and he shall not judge after the sight of his eyes, neither reprove after the hearing of his ears: But with righteousness shall he judge the poor, and reprove with equity for the meek of the earth: and he shall smite the earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked. And righteousness shall be the girdle of his loins (the foundation to his sovereignty), and faithfulness the girdle of his reins (the source of his compassion).”   Isaiah 11:1-5

In Psalm 72:1-9 we see the king, the LORD’S anointed in prayer, and his son the Messiah in future possession of dominion and power over the world of men.
“Give the king thy judgments, O God, and thy righteousness unto the king’s son.
He shall judge thy people with righteousness, and thy poor with judgment.
The mountains shall bring peace to the people, and the little hills, by righteousness.
He shall judge the poor of the people; he shall save the children of the needy, and shall break in pieces the oppressor.
They shall fear thee as long as the sun and moon endure, throughout all generations.
He shall come down like rain upon the mown grass: as showers that water the earth.
In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth.
He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the ends of the earth.
They that dwell in the wilderness shall bow before him; and his enemies shall lick the dust.”
  
This is not just some dreamtime pie in the sky, but a vision of the promised future for the children of Abraham, of Isaac and of Jacob.  It is God’s reiteration of his promise, and as certain as Messiah has already come to be the offering for sin, so he will come to be judge and King over all the earth.  Israel has, up to this moment rejected him, yet they are not alone in that rejection, for though over the centuries very many millions of people from every nation and tongue have believed in God’s anointed, yet the masses have said “away with him, crucify him, crucify him”.  It is not just religious Israel that has rejected “Iesous Christos”, but unregenerate and unrepentant man.

He is to come as judge and he will come as Isaiah describes in chapters 34:1-8 and 63:1-6, in all the power of a conquering king. 

In the New Testament, a revelation is given John the Apostle: a revelation from Jesus Christ of the consummation of history and of time.   Isaiah’s battle vision is described by John in Rev 19:11-21’ but first in the fifth chapter of this revelation, John sees from within heaven itself the giving of the earth’s title deeds to the one to whom they rightly belong - The Lion of the tribe of Judah, the root of David, God’s anointed, the Messiah, the Lamb slain for the redemption of “every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation.”  It is of such majesty that I do not hesitate to include it here in full.

Revelation 5

“And I saw in the right hand of him that sat on the throne a book written within and on the backside, sealed with seven seals. And I saw a strong angel proclaiming with a loud voice, Who is worthy to open the book, and to loose the seals thereof?
And no man in heaven, nor in earth, neither under the earth, was able to open the book, neither to look thereon. And I wept much, because no man was found worthy to open and to read the book, neither to look thereon. And one of the elders saith unto me, Weep not: behold, the Lion of the tribe of Juda, the Root of David, hath prevailed to open the book, and to loose the seven seals thereof.
And I beheld, and, lo, in the midst of the throne and of the four beasts, and in the midst of the elders, stood a Lamb as it had been slain, having seven horns and seven eyes, which are the seven Spirits of God sent forth into all the earth. And he came and took the book out of the right hand of him that sat upon the throne. And when he had taken the book, the four beasts and four and twenty elders fell down before the Lamb, having every one of them harps, and golden vials full of odours, which are the prayers of saints. And they sung a new song, saying, Thou art worthy to take the book, and to open the seals thereof: for thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood out of every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation; And hast made us unto our God kings and priests: and we shall reign on the earth.
 And I beheld, and I heard the voice of many angels round about the throne and the beasts and the elders: and the number of them was ten thousand times ten thousand, and thousands of thousands; Saying with a loud voice, Worthy is the Lamb that was slain to receive power, and riches, and wisdom, and strength, and honour, and glory, and blessing. And every creature which is in heaven, and on the earth, and under the earth, and such as are in the sea, and all that are in them, I heard saying, Blessing, and honour, and glory, and power, be unto him that sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb for ever and ever. And the four beasts said, Amen. And the four and twenty elders fell down and worshipped him that liveth for ever and ever.”


Israel wanted a Messiah who would conquer their enemies and establish the kingdom based on their own moral and material values.  They ignored or could not understand the values of holiness, which are true justice and righteousness, for these values in all their fullness are incomprehensible to the unregenerate human heart.  Finite man can recognize relative justice and relative righteousness, but the infinite holiness of God is beyond him and will remain so until God does a work of regeneration and renewal.

Any system of justice or righteousness that is subject to the demands of man’s wants is relative: relative to his lusts.  Our modern world is ruled by such injustice and unrighteousness and people today are as much in need of the healing touch of God’s forgiveness as was Israel.  Spiritual blindness came upon Israel because of her self-centred materialism, and that same blindness has come upon Christendom for its self-centred materialistic humanism.

Jesus of Nazareth, Israel’s Messiah, which is the Christ, came so that unjust and unrighteous men might be redeemed, cleansed and forgiven.   His sacrifice was the greatest display of love that has ever been enacted on this world’s stage.  It was not done in a corner, but was displayed to the world both in its actuality and in its effects, yet the world generally has ignored him to this day.  His death, burial and resurrection became the division of time and the means of uniting mankind.  Gentiles were estranged from Israel, Israel was in contempt of the Gentiles yet in Christ that wall of partition has been broken down and all, both Jew and Gentile can be united within the “Body of Christ” the Church. 

The word Church is the Greek ‘ekklÄ“sia’, and in the context of its first usage in Matthew 16:18, is an assembly belonging to Jesus, whom the apostle Peter had just affirmed as being “the Christ (the Messiah) the Son of the Living God”.   It is an assembly of all those, both Jew and Gentile, who believe that God’s anointed, had died for their sins and had been raised for their justification.  It is not a Gentile assembly nor is it a Gentile organization.  Gentile religions have permeated its ranks and made a mockery of the Apostle’s doctrine so that what is seen today as the “Church” is not the ‘body of Christ’, but a world religion. 

Yet Christ’s church is still in the world.  A universal assembly, unknown and unacknowledged on the most part: scattered across the face of the globe among every tribe and every tongue.  In their twos, their threes and their fifties they make up a spiritual body, a myriad of believers separated by distance but united in Christ Jesus and faithful to his call, the call to a ministry of reconciliation as described in 2 Corinthians 5:18.

Where God’s people are in agreement with his word and when they experience subsequent communion with their God in prayer, there they have fellowship with him, there Christ Jesus is in their midst and there they fulfil the ministry he left for them.  However, we are living in a failing age, an age of declension within the Church, and we look to the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ to raise his Church from out of this world, to purge and restore his people Israel, to judge the nations and to free creation from its bondage to death and decay.

With this freedom in view, the apostle John’s heartfelt cry comes to mind, “Even so come quickly Lord Jesus”
Amen.










Sunday 21 September 2014

PETER ON ELECTION AND OTHER MATTERS


Brian GC Huggett

Election: Eklektos = to pick out, to choose
Election is God’s choice beforehand, of certain individuals to fulfill particular functions in His plan for time. It is based upon the faith of those individuals and not their works.
  1.  The election of Israel in eternity past.
  2.  The election of the Lord Jesus Christ.
  3.  The election of the Church.

1. Israel.
Isaiah 45:4: “For Jacob my servant’s sake, and Israel mine elect, I have even called thee by thy name: I have surnamed thee, though thou hast not known me.”
Matthew 24:24: “For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets, and shall shew great signs and wonders; insomuch that, if it were possible, they shall deceive the very elect.”
Matthew 24:31: “And he shall send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other.”

The nation Israel came into being through regeneration, i.e., a saving belief in the LORD on the part of Abraham, his son Isaac, and Isaac’s son Jacob, with Jacob being renamed Israel and his twelve sons forming the twelve tribes of the nation Israel. Not all Israelites have believed in the LORD, and those who do not believe are doomed to an eternal damnation because of their unbelief, yet there has always been a remnant of belief in the nation. 

Romans Chapters 9 to 11 tells of God’s choice or election of Israel as a nation from which He has chosen – elected – certain peoples to Himself. This election is based on His knowledge of future belief and His decree to have it so. Israel as a nation has been elected to salvation, but not all her people are saved. Israel as a nation will have as its eternal inheritance the “new earth”, but not all Jews will share in that inheritance. Election is based upon faith in Jesus Christ not on the works of the Law.

2. The Election of Jesus Christ
Deuteronomy 6:4: “Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God is one Lord.” The Lord is unique; God and man in one person forever.

Jehovah, the Lord Jesus Christ, became a man and in that act became a servant to God the Father for the purpose of fulfilling the plan of salvation for the human race.

Isaiah 42:1: “Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth; I have put my spirit upon him: he shall bring fourth judgment to the Gentiles.”
1 Peter 2:6: “Wherefore also it is contained in the scripture, Behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on him shall not be confounded.”

3. The election of the Church
All of mankind who have believed in Jesus Christ were elected by God in eternity past before the foundation of the world to a position of eternal life and godliness, of glory and virtue. That virtue which is ours comes only when we are conformed to the image of Jesus Christ, which enables us to receive the great and precious promises of the spiritual blessings that are reserved in heaven for us.

Ephesians 1:3-4: “Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ: According as he hath chosen [elected] us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love:”
                                             
1 Thessalonians 1:4: “Knowing, brethren beloved, your election of God.”
2 Thessalonians 2:13: “But we are bound to give thanks alway to God for you, brethren beloved of the Lord, because God hath from the beginning chosen [elected] you to salvation through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth.”                                     
2 Timothy 2:10: “Therefore I endure all things for the elect’s sakes, that they may also obtain the salvation which is in Christ Jesus with eternal glory
1 Timothy 1:9: “Who hath saved us, and called [elected] us with an holy calling, not according to our works, but according to his own purpose and grace, which was given us in Christ Jesus before the world began.”      
Titus 1:1: “Paul, a servant of God, and an apostle of Jesus Christ, according to the faith of God’s elect, and the acknowledging of the truth which is after godliness.”
2 Peter 1:2-4: “Grace and peace be multiplied unto you through the [epi] knowledge of God, and of Jesus our Lord, According as his divine power hath given unto us all things that pertain unto life and godliness, through the [epi] knowledge of him that hath called [elected] us to glory and virtue: Whereby are given unto us exceeding great and precious [escrow] promises: that by these ye might be partakers of the divine nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the world through lust.”

Election places all New Testament believers into a place of equality, a position where all spiritual blessing in heavenly places are reserved for each and every child of God. Not all believers experience their blessings in time [during their time on earth], and so they remain unclaimed.

By means of election, God in eternity past places all believers into a predetermined plan for life. This is referred to as “predestination”. We are elected and predestined to be conformed to the image of Jesus Christ, which means a life where the filling of the Spirit is the norm and the fruit of the Spirit characterizes the life.

Election by Foreknowledge
1 Peter 1:1-9
1. Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To God’s elect, strangers in the world, scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia and Bithynia,
2. who have been chosen according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, through the sanctifying work of the Spirit, for obedience to Jesus Christ and sprinkling by his blood: Grace and peace be yours in abundance.
3. Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! In his great mercy he has given us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead,
4. and into an inheritance that can never perish, spoil or fade – kept in heaven for you,
5. who through faith are shielded by God’s power until the coming of the salvation that is ready to be revealed in the last time.
6. In this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials.
7. These have come so that your faith – of greater worth than gold, which perishes even though refined by fire, may be proved genuine and may result in praise, glory and honour when Jesus Christ is revealed.
8. Though you have not seen him, you love him; and even though you do not see him now, you believe in him and are filled with an inexpressible and glorious joy,
9. for you are receiving the goal of your faith, the salvation of your souls.

This is one of my favourite passages of scripture for it always amazes me how much knowledge the Spirit was able to inspire in such a few words.

“Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To God's elect...”

Who are God’s elect?

The very next verse gives us the answer: “To God’s elect … who have been chosen according to the foreknowledge of God the Father … through the sanctifying work of the Spirit for obedience to Jesus Christ and sprinkling by his blood …” Those who have obeyed the call of the gospel of Jesus Christ and believed unto the salvation of their souls; these are God’s elect.
                             
Before we go further with this passage, it will be of benefit to look at one aspect of God’s character: the omniscience of God. It is a characteristic of Deity, for it is absolute knowledge: knowledge without limitation, and without defect.

There is nothing knowable that God does not know, and He knows even the alternatives. If we limit God’s knowledge because of our own limitations, we place a boundary upon God; we make God in the image of finite man.

But God is eternal, His omniscience is eternal and there is nothing in time or eternity of which God is ignorant. The future is as clear to God as the past, for all of time is compassed by eternity.  God is the eternal God and is therefore able to know future events: “... for I am God, and there is no other; I am God, and there is no one like me, declaring the end from the beginning and from ancient times things not yet done, saying, ‘My purpose shall stand, and I will fulfil my intention’” (Isaiah 46:9-10). The current fulfilment of Biblical prophecy proves this to be so.

If, in eternity past, God knew the future, then God must have known our future. If He has known our future from eternity past, then it stands to reason that He knew the day we accepted Christ as Saviour. God’s omniscience allowed Him to know of our conversion in eternity past. He in truth, had foreknowledge of this historical fact.

Therefore, according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, we have been elected, chosen “through the sanctifying work of the Spirit for obedience to Jesus Christ and sprinkling by his blood …”
    
We are told in John 6:44: “No-one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him, and I will raise him up at the last day.”  This is true but just as the believer can grieve or quench the Spirit so do most of mankind reject his voice. 

It is the sanctifying work of the Holy Spirit that draws us into obedience to Jesus Christ and sets us apart for forgiveness through the blood of Christ.

The fact of our election in eternity past, the fact that we were predestined, that we were called, that we were justified, that we have been glorified, all in eternity past, is proof of the perfection of God’s knowledge. The certainty of our calling and election, however, is dependent on all the ramifications of history being settled and unshakeable, not just our part in it, but the history of all men in every age. Out of all the alternatives God’s decree settled what would be into a factual history, and that history included knowledge of our acceptance of Christ, and our election due to God’s foreknowledge of our acceptance of Christ.

God saw and decreed that history would run its course and that we would have our part in it, as elect, as chosen, as set apart for salvation, all according to his foreknowledge.

To answer a question subsequent to this regarding the non-elect and which might help, I would point you to another of my blogs:
2015 October  The Hardening of Pharaoh's Heart


And what is this salvation?

“Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! In his great mercy he has given us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, and into an inheritance that can never perish, spoil or fade – kept in heaven for you, who through faith are shielded by God’s power until the coming of the salvation that is ready to be revealed in the last time.”

Almighty God, righteous and just in all His ways, will not and cannot lower His standards to accommodate imperfect men. His perfect justice demands that all sin be judged. His perfect love “gave His only begotten Son” to bear that judgement on the Cross.

It is because of God’s love and His mercy that we are given this new birth, this spiritual regeneration through faith in Jesus Christ, and it is by means of this new birth that we enter into a living hope: that hope which is founded and established on the fact of Christ’s resurrection.

I will not attempt to prove the resurrection. The Apostles wrote that it occurred, God’s Word affirms the testimony of eyewitnesses, and those of us who have been born again have the testimony of God’s Spirit within. I will, however, quote one secular testimony.

John Singleton Copley, better known as Lord Lyndhurst, was the Solicitor General of Britain in 1819, attorney general in 1824, three times High Chancellor of England, and elected in 1846 High Steward of the university of Cambridge; a man who held in one lifetime the highest offices which a judge in Great Britain could have conferred upon him. He wrote, very simply, “I know pretty well what evidence is; and I tell you, such evidence as that for the Resurrection (of Christ) has not broken down yet.”

We have this living hope because we have a resurrected Saviour; our salvation is dependent on our relationship to Him: At our conversion we gain a relationship and are indwelt by Him through the Spirit. “Hereby know we that we dwell in him, and he in us, because he hath given us of his Spirit” (1 John 4:13)

During our life, He sustains that relationship, for we are kept by God’s just and holy word. “For the Lord loves justice, and forsakes not his saints; they are preserved for ever: but the seed of the wicked shall be cut off” (Psalms 37:28).

And then, at the return of our Lord our relationship will be consummated when we experience the redemption of our bodies: “And not only they [creation], but ourselves also, which have the firstfruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting for the adoption, that is, the redemption of our body” (Romans 8:23).

Our salvation began the moment we believed in Jesus Christ, the Son of God. It will be complete when the trump of God shall sound and the dead in Christ will be raised incorruptible and we who are alive and remain to that day will be changed from mortality to immortality (1 Corinthians 15:51-55).

Our inheritance is reserved for us in Heaven, an inheritance that can never perish, never spoil and never fade and it is the Spirit of God who bears witness with our spirit that this is so. For He is our comforter and makes us know that we are the children of God: And if we are God’s children, then we are “heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ” (Romans 8:16-17).

The inheritance is ours because we have become God’s children.

Jesus of Nazareth, Almighty God come in the flesh, is He “who through the Spirit of holiness was declared with power to be the Son of God, by his resurrection from the dead.” This Jesus is in heaven seated at the right hand of God to ever make intercession for us, and those of us who have been drawn to the Father, Christ will raise up at the last day.

“Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! In his great mercy he has given us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, and into an inheritance that can never perish, spoil or fade – kept in heaven for you, who through faith are shielded by God’s power until the coming of the salvation that is ready to be revealed in the last time.”

“In these things you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. These have come so that your faith, of greater worth than gold which perishes even though refined by fire, your faith may be proved genuine and may result in praise, glory and honour when Jesus Christ is revealed.”
                        
The apostles Paul and James write of these trials and encourage us with the results of their own experience: Paul in Romans Chapter 5 says: “And not only so, but we glory in tribulations also: knowing that tribulation worketh patience; and patience, experience; and experience, hope: And hope maketh not ashamed; because the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us."

James writes: “My brethren, count it all joy when ye fall into diverse temptations; knowing this, that the trying of your faith worketh patience. But let patience have her perfect work, that ye may be perfect and entire, wanting nothing.”

James is telling us that if we learn the secrets of patience, we will be perfect and whole, wanting nothing. Paul is saying that if we learn the secrets of patience we will not be ashamed. We will have no reason for further shame in this life and we will not be ashamed at the judgement seat of Christ. Why? Because by patience, we will display in silent action a love for the brethren and our fellow man; we will fulfill His commandment.

Patience is humility, knowing that “God is in all things working them together for our good” and accepting as His lot for us the trials and tribulation of life.

Patience is allowing new believers to grow into the knowledge and grace of Christ, without reacting to their growing pains. It is gentleness and an understanding of the sins and the ignorance of others.
    
Patience has none of the arrogance of egotism. It will not bruise the spirits of the brethren by a hasty or ill-timed word.

To quote the apostle James again: “If any man among you seem to be religious, and bridleth not his tongue, but deceiveth his own heart, this man’s religion is vain.” And again: “Even so the tongue is a little member, and boasteth great things. Behold how great a matter a little fire kindleth! And the tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity: so is the tongue among our members, that it defileth the whole body, and setteth on fire the course of nature; and it is set on fire of hell.” And again: “But the tongue can no man tame; it is an unruly evil, full of deadly poison.”

James is very tough, but he is speaking of the “old man”, that old nature from which comes envy, jealousy, malice and pride. It is this “old man” that cannot tame the tongue and indeed, does not want to, but in 1 Peter 3:10, :For he that will love life, and see good days, let him refrain his tongue from evil, and his lips that they speak no guile.”

And this, according to the word of God, will be the case if patience is allowed to produce her perfect work in us. It will bring us to the point where the “love of God will be shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Spirit which is given unto us.”                                         

And this love is patient, this love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, and it keeps no record of wrongs. This love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, and always perseveres.

The lack of perseverance toward the trials and the heartaches of life will embitter the subjective Christian, but the one who presses on, knowing the Word of God, will be refined as precious metal is refined, and will reap the rewards of such cleansing. The pure ore of righteousness remains after the unrighteousness of the flesh is sloughed away.

As the Word of God permeates our heart, mind and soul, so the love of God our Saviour will be revealed in all its beauty and He will become our dearest friend, “we love Him because He first loved us.”
              
“… and though we have not seen him, we love him; and even though we do not see him now, we believe in him and are filled with an inexpressible and glorious joy, for now we are receiving the goal of our faith, the salvation of our souls.”

As our knowledge of God increases – and I am not speaking of an academic understanding of Bible verses or theological doctrines, I am speaking of a personal living relationship with the God of creation – a Father/child relationship where we can, as it were, look up into His face and make our requests known, then – and only then – can we tell Him we love Him and know that our hearts do not lie.


As our knowledge of God increases, we will experience more and more that inexpressible and glorious joy and know that in this we are experiencing, even in this life, the salvation of our souls.